Faith of Christians in
A.A., N.A., and Recovery Today
By Dick B.
© 2014 Anonymous. All
rights reserved.
The Doctor’s Opinion: The Great Physician Can Cure You
Dr. William D. Silkworth advised Bill Wilson that Jesus
Christ, the Great Physician, could cure Bill of his alcoholism. At the time of
Bill Wilson’s third hospitalization in Towns Hospital, Bill had a discussion
with his physician, Dr. William D. Silkworth, on the subject of the “Great
Physician.” And Silkworth’s biographer Dale Mitchel wrote in Silkworth: The Little Doctor Who Loved
Drunks:
Silkworth has not been given the
appropriate credit for his position on a spiritual conversion, particularly as
it may relate to true Christian benefits. Several sources, including Norman Vincent Peale in his
book The Positive Power of Jesus Christ, agree that it was Dr. Silkworth who
used the term ‘The Great Physician’ to explain the need in recovery for a
relationship with Jesus Christ. . . . In the formation of AA, Wilson initially
insisted on references to God and Jesus, as well as the Great Physician. .
. . Silkworth challenged the alcoholic
with an ultimatum. Once hopeless, the alcoholic would grasp hold of any chance
of sobriety. Silkworth, a medical doctor, challenged the alcoholic with a
spiritual conversion and a relationship
with God as part of a program of recovery. His approach with Bill Wilson was no
different. . . Wilson did often confirm Silkworth as ‘very much a founder of
AA.’ . . . . [Bill wrote:] “I was in black despair. And in the midst of this I
remembered about this God business. . . and I rose up in bed and said, “If
there be a God, let him show himself now! All of a sudden there was a light. .
.a blinding white light that filled the whole room. A tremendous wind seemed to
be blowing all around me and right through me. I felt as if I were standing on
a high mountain top. . . I felt that I stood in the presence of God.” [In
Norman Vincent Peale, The Art of Living] The Silkworth copy of this book
inscribed by Peale is available at the Silkworth Collection Archives. . . . In this book in particular he describes the
need for surrender (p.105), he uses the term ‘The Great Physician’ (later used
by Bill Wilson) as a methaphor for Jesus Christ (pp. 123 -26, and 151), and the
details of an act of making amends, the AA Ninth Step, (pp. 128-31), all of
which are cornerstones of spiritual living ripe within the Alcoholics Anonymous
program and that of Dr. Silkworth.”[1]
Ebby Thacher’s New Birth
Ebby Thacher visited his old school friend and companion
Bill Wilson shortly after this third hospitalization. Ebby told Bill that he
(Ebby) had been lodging at Calvary Rescue Mission,[2] had “got religion,”[3]
and that “God had done for him what he could not do for himself.”[4] Ebby had
there made a decision for Christ.[5] In a manuscript I found at Stepping
Stones, titled, “Bill Wilson’s Original Story,” every line was numbered. The
numbers ran from 1 to 1180; and here is how Bill there described Ebby’s
approach and Bill’s observation that Ebby had been born again at the Mission:
Nevertheless here I was sitting
opposite a man who talked about a personal God, who told me how he had found
Him, who described to me how I might do the same thing and who convinced me utterly that something had
come into his life which had accomplished a miracle. The man was transformed;
there was no denying he had been reborn. (lines 935-42).[6]
Bill Wilson Hands His Life Over to Christ at Calvary Mission – Just as
Ebby Thacher Did
Bill Wilson shortly set out for Calvary Mission to receive
what his friend Ebby had received.[7] Upon his arrival at Calvary Mission, Bill
went to the altar just as Ebby had done.[8] And just as Ebby had done, Bill
made a decision for Christ.[9] Rev. Sam Shoemaker’s wife was present. She told
me on the telephone from her home in Burnside very explicitly that she was
present at the Mission and that Bill there “made a decision for Christ.”[10]
In a recorded talk at Dallas, Texas, Bill Wilson’s wife Lois
Wilson described the events that took place at Bill’s conversion:
Well, people got up and went to the
altar and gave themselves to Christ. And the leader of the meeting asked if
there was anybody that wanted to come up. And Bill started up. . . . And he went up to the front and really, in
very great sincerity, did hand over his life to Christ.[11]
Rev. Shoemaker’s Assistant Minister Attests to Bill W.’s Rebirth at the
Mission
The Rev. W. Irving Harris was Dr. Shoemaker’s Assistant
Minister. Harris and his wife Julia lived in Calvary House where Shoemaker
lived, and knew Bill Wilson quite well. Rev. Harris typed a memorandum which
his wife Julia gave to me, which said of the Mission Conversion:
. . . it was at a meeting at
Calvary Mission that Bill himself was moved to declare that he had decided to
launch out as a follower of Jesus Christ.[12]
Bill Wilson Declares “For sure I’d been born again.”
Then, it was Bill Wilson himself who began to describe his
own conversion to Christ at the Calvary Mission altar.. First, while drunk,
Bill wrote a letter to his brother-in-law Dr. Leonard Strong, using the same
description that Ebby had used regarding his own conversion. Bill said, “I’ve
got religion.”[13]
Of far greater importance are the remarks that I found twice
in Bill’s manuscripts at Stepping Stones and which are now recorded in his own
autobiography published by Hazelden. Bill wrote:
For sure I’d been born again.[14]
Lois Wilson Confirms Her Husband’s New
Birth
Even Bill’s wife Lois, having seemingly become resentful of
Bill’s victory, wrote: Although my joy and faith in his rebirth continued, I
missed our companionship. We were seldom alone now.”[15]
Bill Wilson Seeks Help From the Great Physician at Towns Hospital
The decision at the altar did not, at first, produce
sobriety. Bill had not yet had quite enough to drink. After his conversion, he
wandered drunk in despair and dark depression to Towns Hospital one more time.
He was, he said, still pondering “that mission experience.”[16]
Concluding he could no longer defeat alcoholism on his own
and still remembering Dr. Silkworth’s assurance that Jesus Christ the Great
Physician could cure him, Bill thought:
Yes, if there was any great
physician that could cure the alcohol sickness, I’d better seek him now, at
once. I’d better find what my friend [Ebby] had found.[17]
Bill arrived at Towns Hospital for his last visit as a
patient. For Bill, “The terrifying darkness had become complete.” Then he
thought, “But what of the Great Physician? For a brief moment, I suppose, the
last trace of my obstinacy was crushed out as the abyss yawned. I remember
saying to myself,
‘I’ll do anything, anything at all.
If there be a Great Physician, I’ll call on him.’”[18]
And here are a few of Bill’s comments about what happened
when he “made the call,” cried out to God for help, and had his ensuing “white
light experience”—an experience that changed his life forever, an experience
that dominated the early A.A. thinking about the importance of Jesus Christ,
and an experience that may give strength to the faith of Christians in A.A.
today:
Then, with neither faith, nor hope,
I cried out, ‘If there be a God, let him show himself.’ The effect was instant,
electric. Suddenly my room blazed with an indescribably white light. I was
seized with an ecstasy beyond description. I have no words for this. Every joy
I had known was pale by comparison. The light, the ecstasy, I was conscious of
nothing else. Then, seen in the mind’s eye, there was a mountain. I stood upon
its summit where a great wind blew. A wind, not of air, but of spirit. In
great, clean strength it blew right through me.[19]
And then the great thought burst
upon me: ‘Bill, you are a free man! This is the God of the Scriptures.’ [In his article in The Language of the
Heart, Bill rephrased this thought and said: “Bill, you are a free man. This is
the God of the Scriptures.] And then I was filled with a consciousness of a
presence. A great peace fell over me, and I was with this I don’t know how
long. But then the dark side put in an appearance, and it said to me, ‘Perhaps,
Bill, you are hallucinating. You better call in the doctor.’ So the doctor
came, and haltingly I told him of the experience. Then came great words for
Alcoholics Anonymous. The little man had listened, looking at me so benignly
with those blue eyes of his, and at length he said to me, ‘Bill you are not
crazy. I have read about this sort of thing in books but I have never seen it
first hand. . . .’
“So I hung on, and then I knew
there was a God and I knew there was grace. And through it all I have continued
to feel, and if I may presume to say it, that I do know these things.”[20]
A.A.’s official biography of Bill Wilson summarized the
results of Bill’s white light experience:
Bill Wilson had just had his 39th
birthday, and he still had half his life ahead of him. He always said that
after that experience, he never again doubted the existence of God. He never
took another drink.[21]
Not only had he quit drinking for good, but he set about
feverishly witnessing to anyone who would listen. Dr. Samuel M. Shoemaker, Jr.,
to whose church the Calvary Mission belonged, encouraged Bill to spread the
message of change and spiritual recovery to others like himself. William G.
Borchert reports the events as follows:
Bill took the preacher at his word.
With Lois’s full support, he was soon walking through the gutters of the
Bowery, into the nut ward at Bellevue Hospital, down the slimy corridors of
fleabag hotels, and into the detox unit at Towns with a Bible under his
arm. He was promising sobriety to every
drunk he could corner if they, like he, would only turn their lives over to
God.[22]
Yet, as Dr. Bob put it, “Time went by, and he [Bill Wilson]
had not created a single convert, not one. As we express it, no one had jelled.
He worked tirelessly with no thought of saving his own strength or time, but
nothing seemed to register.”[23] But the message was carried to Dr. Bob and
simmered to its essence by three months of Bible study and discussion by Bill
and Bob in the summer of 1935.[24] The simple Original program, founded in
Akron on June 10, 1935, developed by the Akron Christian Fellowship, and
incorporating the basic ideas taken from the study of the Good Book, achieved
astonishing success by November of 1937.
Bill Wilson’s message, incorporating his view of the
importance of Jesus Christ, is recorded in two places in A.A.’s subsequent
literature.
On page 191 of the latest edition
of A.A.’s Big Book, Bill is quoted as saying:
“The Lord has been so wonderful to
me, curing me of this terrible disease that I just want to keep talking about
it and telling people.”[25]
And, in earlier A.A. years continued to express this basic
idea to others still in need of help. One account begins with a visit by Dr.
Bob’s sponsee, Clarence H. Snyder, with a Cleveland man:
[Said this Cleveland man:] “One
evening I had gone out after dinner to take on a couple of double-headers and
stayed a little later than usual, and when I came home Clarence [Snyder] was
sitting on the davenport with Bill W. [Bill Wilson]. I do not recollect the
specific conversation that went on but I believe I did challenge Bill to tell
me something about A.A., and I do recall one another thing: I wanted to know
what it was that worked so many wonders, and hanging over the mantel was a
picture of Gethsemane and Bill pointed to it and said, “There it is,” which
didn’t make much sense to me.”[26]
And this was it.
For those in early A.A. who thoroughly followed the path that began with belief
in God and surrender to Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior, the path was a path to
success. And Bill’s message for those who wanted to hear it was that the Lord
had cured him. Dr. Bob confirmed Bill’s message with the last line of Bob’s own
personal story when he said, “Your Heavenly Father will never let you
down!”[27]
Gloria Deo
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] Dale Mitchel,
Silkworth The Little Doctor Who Loved Drunks: The Biography of William Duncan
Silkworth, M.D. (Center City, MN: Hazelden, 2002), 33-34, 44-52, 63, 65, 78,
96, 100=01, 106-09, 121-22, 151, 159-61,
193-99, 225.
[2] Alcoholics
Anonymous Comes of Age: A Brief History of A.A. (New York: Alcoholics Anonymous
World Services, Inc., 1957), 58-9; Bill
Wilson: Bill W. My First 40 Years: An Autobiography By the CoFounder of
Alcoholics Anonymous (Center City, MN: Hazelden, 2000), 132.
[3] Alcoholics
Anonymous Comes of Age, 58.
[4] Alcoholics
Anonymous, 4th ed. (New York: Alcoholics Anonymous World Services, Inc., 2001),
[5] T. Willard
Hunter, “It Started Right There”: Behind the Twelve Steps and the Self-help
Movement, Rev. ed. (Claremont, California: Ives Community Office, 2006), 6.
[6] Dick B., Turning
Point: A History of Early A.A.’s Spiritual Roots and Successes (San Rafael, CA:
Paradise Research Publications, 1997). Note: This and other such manuscripts
will shortly be published in Dick B.’s latest book with the working title, The
Early Manuscripts and Papers I Was Allowed to See and Copy at Stepping Stones
Archives.
[7] Bill W., My First
40 Years 135-37.,
[8] Bill W., My First
40 Years, 137
[9] Dick B., The
Conversion of Bill W.: More on the Creator’s Role in Early A.A. (Kihei, HI:
Paradise Research Publications, Inc., 2006), 92-94
[10] Dick B., The
Conversion of Bill W., 94
[11] This quote was
discovered by A.A. historian Richard K., who listened to the Lois Wilson
recording, wrote down the “Christ” remark, and provided the information to me.
See Dick B., When Early AAs Were Cured
and Why, 3rd ed. (Kihei, HI: Paradise Research Publications, Inc., 2006), 11
[12] Dick B., New
Light on Alcoholism: God, Sam Shoemaker, and A.A., Pittsburgh ed. (Kihei, HI:
Paradise Research Publications, Inc., 1999), 533.
[13] Dick B., When Early
AAs Were Cured and Why, 12
[14] Bill W. My First
40 Years, 147; See Dick B., The Conversion of Bill W., 110, reporting the two
places (pp. 130 and 103) of the
manuscript titled “Wilson, W. G. Wilson Recollections,” dated September
1, 1954, that I personally inspected and was permitted to copy of Stepping
Stones Archives in 1991.
[15] Lois Remembers, 98.
[16] Bill W. My First
40 Years, 138.
[17] Bill W. My First
40 Years, 139.
[18] Bill W., My
First 40 Years, 145
[19] Bill W., My
First 40 Years, 145-46.
[20] The Language of
the Heart: Bill W.’s Grapevine Writings (New York: The AA Grapevine, Inc.,
1988), 284.
[21] “Pass It On,”
121.
[22] William G.
Borchert, The Lois Wilson Story When Love is Not Enough: A Biography of the
Cofounder of Al-Anon (Center City, MN:
Hazelden, 2005), 170.
[23] The Co-Founders
of Alcoholics Anonymous: Biographical Sketches Their Last Major Talks [Pamphlet
P-53] (New York: Alcoholics Anonymous World Services, Inc., 1972, 1976), 10.
[24] The Co-Founders
of Alcoholics Anonymous, 13-14
[25] Alcoholics
Anonymous, 4th ed., 191
[26] This account was
included in the third edition of Alcoholics Anonymous (New York: Alcoholics
Anonymous World Services, 1976), 216-17. It has now been removed from the
subsequent edition. The picture to which Bill W. pointed was a well-known
depiction of “a place called Gethsemane” where Jesus had gone to prayer and
“saith unto his disciples, sit ye here, while I go and pray yonder. . . . And he went a little further, and fell on
his face, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass
from me: nevertheless not as I will, but as thou wilt.”
[27] Alcoholics Anonymous, 4th ed., 181.
